Abstract

This paper examined artificial intelligence (Al) in education with a vivid description of some large-scale AI-leveraged project initiatives for enhancing education and learning. The aim of the description and discussion of these project initiatives was to draw the attention of education policymakers and stakeholders to them and the key takeaways that can be relied-upon in the development of subsequent Al-leveraged education project initiatives. It began with a discussion of the general overview of Al and the unprecedented revolution it has created in the education delivery. It further discussed the advantages of the Al application in education as well as the challenges and controversies associated with it particularly the generative Al (GenAl) systems which are rapidly spreading in the education sector. It also discussed UNESCO’s recommendations of the appropriate use of GenAl in education to genuinely benefit and empower teachers, learners and researchers. It advocated the necessity of governments in various countries to develop a policy framework for the responsible use of GenAl in education and research. Most importantly, the paper identified some large-scale AI-leveraged education and learning project initiatives developed in different countries and discussed the key takeaways from the identified project initiatives. It recommended that these key takeaways substantially form the basis for the development of subsequent project initiatives, especially in developing countries. The paper concluded that the equitable use of Al in education requires large-scale initiatives to support developing countries in boosting the development of local innovations in Al technology and access to Al platforms including resources.